\documentstyle[a4j,11pt,jtwocolumn]{jarticle}

\begin{document}

\title{$BJY6/2q;29M;qNA(B \\ -$B%"%W%j%1!<%7%g%s!"%"%k%4%j%:%`(B-}
\author{$BEDCf(B $BMxI'(B}
\date{\today}
\maketitle

\section{$BJBNs$HJB9T(B}
$BJBNs$H$h$/;w$?8@MU$K!VJB9T!W$,$"$k(B.$BN><T$rF15A$G07$&$3$H$b$"$k$,(B,$B$3$3$G$O6hJL(B
$B$9$k(B.

$BBg$^$+$K$$$&$H(B,$BN><T$,$*8_$$$KJB9T$G$"$k$H$$$&$N$O(B,$BO@M}E*$KF1;~$K(B
$B=hM}$,=PMh$k$H$$$&$3$H$G$"$k(B.$BJBNs$H$$$&$N$OJ*M}E*$J;q8;$,B??t$"$k$H$$$&$3$H$G(B
$B$h$C$F(B,$BJBNs=hM}$r9M$($k>e$G%=%U%H$NJB9T@-$H%O!<%I$NJBNs@-$,$+$_9g$&$3$H$,(B
$B=EMW$G$"$k(B.$B$H$$$&$h$&$KMQ$$$k(B.

\subsection{$BN3EY(B}
$B$D$.$K(B,$B3FJBNs=hM}J}<0$GJBNs=hM}$NBP>]$H$9$k4pK\C10L(B($B%?%9%/(B)$B$NBg$-$5(B(grain size
:{\bf $BN3EY(B}$B$H$h$V(B)$B$GJ,N`$9$k(B.$B$^$:(B,$BN3EY$N:G$b:Y$+$$L?Na4V$NJBNs@8$rMxMQ$9$k$b$N(B
$B$H$7$F$O(B,$B%9!<%Q!<%9%+%i(B,VLIW,$B%G!<%?%U%m!<%^%7%s(B,$B%W%m%;%C%5(B
$B%"%l%$$,$"$j(B,$BL?Na%Q%$%W%i%$%s(B,$B1i;;%Q%$%W%i%$%s$b<c43JBNs@-$N;H$$J}$O(B
$B0[$J$k$,(B,$B$3$N%0%k!<%W$KF~$l$k$3$H$,=PMh$k(B.

$B$3$N$h$&$K(B1$BL?NaC10L$NJBNs=hM}$r9T$&J}<0$r:YN3EYJBNs=hM}$H$h$V(B.
$B$^$?$=$l$h$j>/$7N3EY$NAF$$(B,$BJ#?tL?Na$rJBNs=hM}C10L$H$7$?J}<0$H$7$F$O%7%9%H%j%C%/(B
$B%"%l%$$,5s$2$i$l$k(B.$B$J$*8=:_$G$O(B,$B$3$NDxEY$NN3EY$r07$($k%^%k%A%W%m%;%C%5(B
$B%7%9%F%`$,8=$l;O$a$F$$$k$H$H$b$K(B,$B:YN3EY%?%9%/JBNs=hM}$N$?$a$N(B{\bf $B%*!<%P!<%X%C(B
$B%I(B}$B$r7Z8:$9$k$?$a$K(B,$B$3$N$h$&$JAF$$N3EY$r<h$j07$($k$h$&$K$7$?%^%/%m%G!<%?%U%m!<(B
$B%^%7%s$bDs0F$5$l$F$$$k(B.

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$B=>Mh$h$j9T$o$l$F$$$k(B.$B$3$NN3EY$NJBNs=hM}$rCfN3EYJBNs=hM}J}<0$H(B
$B$h$V(B.

$B$5$i$K%?%9%/N3EY$,AF$$(BDo$B%k!<%W(B,$B%5%V%k!<%A%s(B,$B4pK\%V%m%C%/(B($BJ#?t$NBeF~J,$+$i$J$k(B
$BItJ,(B)$B4V$NJBNs@-$NMxMQ$b%^%k%A%W%m%;%C%5%7%9%F%`$G$O9T$&$3$H$,=PMh$k(B.$B$3$N(B
$BN3EY$NJBNs=hM}$rAFN3EYJBNs=hM}J}<0$H$h$V(B.


\subsection{$B6nF0J}<0(B}
$B7W;;5!%"!<%-%F%/%A%c!<$O(B,$B5!3#L?Na$N5/F07ABV$GJ,N`$9$k$H(B,$B@)8f6nF0(B,$B%G!<%?6nF0(B,
$BMW5a6nF0$KBgJ,N`$G$-$k(B.
\subsubsection{$B@)8f6nF0J}<0(B}
$B@)8f6nF0J}<0$G$O5!3#L?Na%W%m%0%i%`$N<B9T$,(B,$B0l$D$N@)8fAuCV$K$h$C$F@)8f$5$l$k(B.
$B%W%m%0%i%`!&%+%&%s%?$G;X$5$l$?5!3#L?Na$,<g5-21AuCV$+$iFI$_=P$5$l(B($BL?Na%U%'%C%A(B),
$BL?Na$N%G%3!<%I(B,$B%*%Z%i%s%I%U%'%C%A(B,$B<B9T(B,$B%9%H%"$N$h$&$K(B,$B=hM};~4V$,$[$\Ey$7$$(B
$BJ#?t$N%9%F!<%8(B($BJL!9$KF0:n$9$k@lMQ$N%O!<%I%&%'%"(B)$B$KJ,3d$5$l$k(B,$B$$$o$f$k%N%$%^%s(B
$B7?7W;;5!$G$"$j5!3#L?Na$N<B9T$,C`<!E*$K$J$5$l$k(B.

$B$7$+$7JBNs=hM}$r9M$($k$H%G!<%?6nF0$N9M$(J}$,I,MW$K$J$jN><T$rAH$_9g$o$;$F(B
$B7W;;5!$r9=@.$7$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$(B

\subsubsection{$B%G!<%?6nF0J}<0(B}
$B%G!<%?%U%m!<%^%7%s$,$=$&$G$"$k(B.

$B%G!<%?6nF0J}<0$K$O%W%m%0%i%`!&%+%&%s%?$,$J$/(B,$B3F5!3#L?Na$O$=$N%*%Z%i%s%I!&(B
$B%G!<%?$,$=$m$&$H<B9T$5$l$k(B.$B$7$?$,$C$F(B,$B86M}E*$K$O(B,$B%W%m%0%i%`$KFb:_$9$kA4$F$N(B
$BJBNs@-$r<B9T;~$KF1;~$K0z$-=P$9$3$H$,=PMh$k(B.$B%W%m%0%i%`$O%G!<%?$N0MB84X78(B
$B$r<($9%G!<%?!&%U%m!<!&%0%i%U$GI=8=$5$l$k(B.$B%Y%/%H%k2=$,MF0W$G$J$$$h$&$J2J3X5;=Q(B
$B7W;;J,Ln$d?M9)CNG=MQ8@8l(BPROLOG$B$N=hM}7O$J$I$NHsDj7?E*=hM}$N9bB.=hM}$,(B
$B4|BT$5$l$F$$$k(B.$B$7$+$7(B,$B8=>u$G$O%a%b%j$N9=@.$J$I$rCf?4$K2r7h$9$Y$-LdBjE@(B
$B$,;3@Q$_$7$F$$$k(B.

\subsubsection{$BMW5a6nF0J}<0(B}
$BMW5a6nF0J}<0$G$O(B,$B5!3#L?Na$O$=$N7k2L$,MW5a$5$l$k$H$-(B,$B5/F0$5$l$k(B.$BMW5a$5$l$?(B
$BL?Na$,=P$7$?7k2L$OMW5a$7$?L?Na$K49$($5$l$k(B.$B<R2q%b%G%k$G$$$($P(B,$B3,AX7?$N2q<RAH?%(B
$B$d<uCm@8;:%7%9%F%`$KBP1~$9$k(B.

$BNc$($P(B,$B2q<RAH?%$G$O(B,$B2]D9$,=hM}FbMF$r8+$F78D9(B
$B$KMW5a$r=P$7(B,$B78D9$O$5$i$KJ?<R0w$KMW5a$r=P$9(B.$BJ?<R0w$N=hM}7k2L$O78D9$KJV$5$l$k(B.
$B78D9$O7k2L$r99$K@0M}$7$F2]D9$KJV$9(B.$B$3$3$G(B,$B=hM}$NCJ<h$j$,$"$i$+$8$aDj$^$C$F$$$k(B
$B$h$&$JDj7?6HL3$O(B,$B:G=i$+$iJ?<R0w$KEO$5$l$k$h$&$K$J$C$F$$$k$3$H$KCm0U$9$k(B.
$BDj7?E*$J6HL3$G$OMW5a$rEA$($k2aDx$O(B{\bf $B%*!<%P!<%X%C%I(B}$B$H$J$k$+$i$G$"$k(B.
$B7k2L$rJV$92aDx$O%G!<%?6nF0E*$K$J$5$l$k(B.$BMW5a6nF0J}<0$G$O(B,$B<B9T2aDx$,=hM}$7$F$_$J$$$HJ,$+$i$J$$F0E*$J$b$N$G(B,$B$"$i$+$8$a%G!<%?!&%U%m!<!&%0%i%U$K%3%s%Q%$%k$G$-$J$$(B
$B>l9g(B,$BMW5a$rEA$($k2aDx$G2r<a<B9T$7$J$,$i%G!<%?!&%U%m!<!&%0%i%U$r@8@.$9$k(B.
$B=>$C$F(B,$B%G!<%?6nF0J}<0$,%3%s%Q%$%i8~$-$J$N$KBP$7$F(B,$BMW5a6nF0J}<0$O%$%s%?%W%j%?(B
$B8~$-$J$b$N$H$J$C$F$$$k(B.$BMW5a6nF0J}<0$O4X?t7?8@8l$N9`=q$-49$(%b%G%k$d(B
$BO@M}7?8@8l(BPROLOG$B$N<B9T@)8f2aDx$H$N?FOB@-$,$h$$$H$5$l$F$$$k(B.

\subsection{$B;~4VJBNs$H6u4VJBNs(B}
$BJBNs=hM}$r$9$k>l9g(B,$B6u4VJ}8~$NJBNs2=$9$J$o$A6u4VJ,3d7?JBNs$H(B,$B;~4VJ}8~$N(B
$BJBNs2=$9$J$o$A;~J,3d7?JBNs$,9M$($i$l$k(B.

$B6u4VJBNs$NJ}$O4JC1$G(B,$BB??t$N=hM}AuCV$r6u$$$F$$$k>l=j$KCV$/$3$H$G$"$k(B.

$B;~4VJBNs$O(B,$B0lL?Na$N<B9T2aDx$r%Q%$%W%i%$%s$H8F$VJ#?t%9%F!<%8$KJ,$1(B,
$B%9%F!<%8$4$H$KFHN)<B9T$G$-$k%O!<%I%&%'%"$rAuHw$7(B,$B$3$l$i$NJ#?t%9%F!<%8$r(B
$B%*!<%P!<%i%C%W$7$F2TF/$5$;$k%Q%$%W%i%$%s=hM}J}<0$N$3$H$G$"$k(B.

$B<B@$3&$K>H$i$79g$o$;$F$_$k$H(B,$B;~4VJBNs$,(B,$B<+F0<V$J$I$N@8;:%i%$%s$N$3$H$G$"$j(B,
$B6u4VJBNs$,@8;:%i%$%s$NA}2C$K$"$?$k(B.

\subsection{$BDL?.%b%G%k(B}
$BN%$l$?$"$kN><T4V$G%G!<%?$N$d$j<h$j$r9T$&>l9g(B,$BFs$D$NJ}K!$,9M$($i$l$k(B.
$B0l$D$ON><T$K6&M-$N%a%b%j$K%"%/%;%9$9$k$3$H$K$h$j$[$7$$%G!<%?$r$b$i$&J}K!(B.
$B$b$&0l$D$O<j;f$N$h$&$KAj<j$,$[$7$$%G!<%?$r%a%C%;!<%8$K$7$FAw$kJ}K!(B.

\subsubsection{$B6&M-%a%b%j%b%G%k(B}
$B9uHD$_$?$$$J$b$N$H$$$($P$$$+$K$bJXMx$=$&$@$,(B,
$B<B:]$O6&M-%a%b%j$K:#2?$,=q$+$l$F$$$k$+$H$$$&$N$O30It$+$i$O$o$+$i$J$$(B.

$B$=$l$f$((B,$BN><T$N4V$GF14|A`:n$r$H$kI,MW$,$"$j(B,$B@)8f$,$I$3$^$G?J$s$G(B
$B$$$k$+J,$+$C$F$$$J$1$l$P$J$i$J$$(B.$B$h$C$F$3$NJ}K!$O%3%s%H%m!<%k6nF0$N9M$(J}$G(B
$B$"$k$H8@$($k(B.

\subsubsection{$B%a%C%;!<%8%Q%7%s%0%b%G%k(B}
$B$3$NJ}K!$O%a%C%;!<%8$H$H$b$K(B,$B$[$7$$%G!<%?$,I,$:Mh$k$3$H$,J,$+$C$F$*$j(B,
$B$=$N%G!<%?$K$h$j@h$N=hM}$r?J$a$F$$$/$3$H$,$G$-$k(B.
$B$3$l$O(B,$B%G!<%?6nF0$N9M$(J}$G$"$k(B.

\section{$B%G!<%?JBNs$H%3%s%H%m!<%kJBNs(B}
$B%G!<%?JBNs$H$O(B,$B%G!<%?$,B??t$"$k$H$-%G!<%?$N3FMWAG$KBP$7$F$K$?$h$&$J=hM}$r$9$k(B
$B$H$-%G!<%?JBNs$H$$$&(B.

$B0lJ}%3%s%H%m!<%kJBNs$H$$$&$N$O(B,$BNc$($P%9!<%Q!<%9%+%i$N1i;;It$N$h$&$K(B
$BHs6Q<A$J=hM}$r$9$k$H$-$r$$$&(B.

\section{$B%"%`%@!<%k$NK!B'(B}
$BC10l%W%m%;%C%5$G:GNI$ND>Ns%"%k%4%j%:%`$K$h$k<B9T;~4V$r(B$T_1$,$N$$B8D$N%W%m%;%C%5(B
$B$GJBNs%"%k%4%j%:%`$K$h$k<B9T;~4V$r(B$T_N$$B$H$9$k$H(B,$S_N = T_1/T_N$$B$GDj5A$5$l$kB.EY(B
$B8~>eHf$O(B,$BD>Ns%"%k%4%j%:%`$NCf$G$I$&$7$F$bJBNs2=$G$-$J$$3d9g$r(B$\alpha$ $B$H$9$l$P(B
\[ S_N=\frac{N}{1+(N-1)\alpha} \]
$B$H$$$&$h$&$K%W%m%;%C%5$N4X?t$GI=$5$l$k$GM?$($i$l$k(B.$B$3$l$,%"%`%@!<%k(B(E.Amdahl)
$B$NK!B'$G$"$k(B.

\begin{thebibliography}{9}
\bibitem{book1} $BIYED(B $BbC<#(B. $BJBNs7W;;5!9=@.O@(B. $B><98F2(B
\bibitem{book2} Kevin Dowd. High Performance Computing. $B%H%`%=%s!&%Q%V%j%C%7%s(B
$B%0(B
\bibitem{book3} $B3^86(B $BGnFA(B. $BJBNs=hM}5;=Q(B. $B%3%m%J<R(B
\bibitem{book4} $B>pJs2J3X;vE5(B
\bibitem{book5} $B5\B<(B $B7.(B. $BJBNs=hM}8@8l(B. $B%^%0%m%&%R%k(B
\bibitem{book6} $B1|B<(B $B@2I'(B. \LaTeX $BH~J8=q:n@.F~Lg(B. $B5;=QI>O@<R(B, 1991.
\end{thebibliography}


\end{document}
