\documentstyle[epsf,a4j]{jarticle}

\title{$B;29M;qNA(B:$BJBNs(BOS}
\author{$B#42s@8(B $B;3E:Gn;K(B}
\date{1996$BG/(B4$B7n(B24$BF|!J?e!K(B}
\begin{document}
\maketitle

\section{$B$O$8$a$K(B}

$BJ,;6(BOS$B$K4X$9$k=q@R$OB?$$$,!"JBNs(BOS$B$K4X$9$k=q@R$,8+$D$+$i$J$$$?$a!"(B
$B<g$K;(;o5-;v$r;29M$K$7$F!"JBNs(BOS$B$K$D$$$F$^$H$a$?!#JBNs(BOS$B$KMW5a$5$l$k(B
$B2]Bj(B2$BE@$H!"<B:]$NJBNs(BOS$B$NNc(B2$B7o$r<($9!#(B


\section{$B%9%1%8%e!<%j%s%0(B}
$B%^%k%A%W%m%;%C%5$N<g$JB8:_0U5A$O%W%m%0%i%`$N9bB.<B9T$G$"$k$3$H$r(B
$B9M$($k$H!"%9%1%8%e!<%j%s%0LdBj$,=EMW$H$J$k!#(B

\subsection{$B7W;;5!;q8;$+$i$_$?J,N`(B}
$B;~J,3d(B(Time-multiplexing)$BJ}<0$H6u4VJ,3d(B(Space-multiplexing)$BJ}<0$N#2$D$K(B
$BBgJL$G$-$k!#;~J,3dJ}<0$O!"4pK\E*$K$O%7%9%F%`A4BN$N%W%m%;%C%572$r#1$D$N%W%m%;%9(B
$B$K3d$jEv$F!"%W%m%;%9Fb$N%9%l%C%I$rF1;~<B9T$7!"%?%$%`%9%i%$%9$r;H$$$-$C$?$i<!(B
$B$N%W%m%;%9$K3d$jEv$F$k$b$N$G$"$k!#0lJ}!"6u4VJ,3dJ}<0$O!"%W%m%;%C%572$r(B
$B%0%k!<%W$KJ,3d$7$F!"%0%k!<%WBP1~$K%W%m%;%9$r3d$jEv$F$k$b$N$G$"$k!#(B

\subsection{$B3d$jEv$F7hDj;~4|$+$i$_$?J,N`(B}
$B%W%m%0%i%`<B9T;~$K$N$_%W%m%;%C%53d$jEv$F$r7hDj$9$k@EE*J}<0$H!"(B
$B<B9TCf$K$b7hDj$9$kF0E*J}<0$N#2$D$,$"$k!#3d$jEv$F$N%*!<%P!<%X%C%I$r(B
$B9MN8$7$F$bF0E*J}<0$,M%$l$F$$$k$H$$$&Js9p$,$"$k!#(B

\subsection{$BJBNs=hM}<B9T4D6-%b%G%k(B}
$B%f!<%6!&%W%m%0%i%`$O!"%f!<%6$^$?$OJBNs2=8@8l=hM}7O$K$h$C$FJ#?t$N%"%/%F%#%S%F%#(B
$B$KJQ2=$7!"$=$l$i$,%W%m%;%C%5$K%^%C%T%s%0$5$l$FJBNs<B9T$5$l$k!#$3$N$H$-!"(B
$B%"%/%F%#%S%F%#$O$^$:%+!<%M%k$NDs6!$9$k2>A[%W%m%;%C%5(B(virtual processor)$B$K(B
$B%^%C%T%s%0$5$l!"$5$i$K2>A[%W%m%;%C%5$O%+!<%M%k$N%9%1%8%e!<%i$K$h$C$F(B
$B<B:]$NJ*M}%W%m%;%C%5(B(physical processor)$B$K%^%C%T%s%0$5$l$k!#(B

$B7Z$$<B9T4D6-%b%G%k$H$7$F!"%9%l%C%I!&%b%G%k$,CmL\$5$l$F$$$k!#%9%l%C%I$H$O(B
$B%3%s%F%/%9%H$N$3$H$G!"%W%m%0%i%`%+%&%s%?!&%l%8%9%?$NFbMF!&%U%!%$%k;q8;(B
$B$N3d$jEv$F>pJs$J$I!"%W%m%;%C%5$,L?Na$r<B9T$7$F$$$k$H$-$N>uBV$rI=$9>pJs(B
$B$NAm>N$G$"$k!#$3$N%9%l%C%I$r$I$N%l%Y%k$G4IM}$9$k$+$K4X$7$F!"<!$N#2$D$,(B
$B9M$($i$l$?!#(B

\subsubsection{$B%+!<%M%k%l%Y%k!&%9%l%C%I!&%b%G%k(B}
$B%+!<%M%k$,2>A[%W%m%;%C%5$H$7$F%9%l%C%I$rDs6!$7!J$3$N%9%l%C%I$r%+!<%M%k(B
$B!&%9%l%C%I$H$$$&!K!"%f!<%6!&%"%/%F%#%S%F%#$O%+!<%M%k!&%9%l%C%I$K#1BP#1(B
$B$K%^%C%T%s%0$5$l$F<B9T$5$l$k%b%G%k$G$"$k!#(B

\subsubsection{$B%f!<%6%l%Y%k!&%9%l%C%I!&%b%G%k(B}
$B%f!<%66u4V$G%9%l%C%I$N@8@.!">CLG$J$I$N%9%l%C%I4IM}$r9T$&$b$N$G$"$k!#(B
$B%f!<%66u4VFb$N<B9T;~%k!<%A%s$G%f!<%6!&%9%l%C%I$r%9%1%8%e!<%j%s%0$G$-$k!#(B
$B$9$J$o$A!"%f!<%6!&%9%l%C%I$N%9%1%8%e!<%j%s%0J}:v$r$=$N%W%m%0%i%`$KE,$7$?(B
$BJ}:v$K%f!<%6$,Dj5A$G$-$k$H$$$&4QE@$+$i$O!"8zN(E*$JJBNs<B9T$,9T$($k2DG=@-(B
$B$,$"$k!#(B







\section{$B2>A[%Z!<%8G[CVLdBj(B}

\subsection{$B%a%b%j!&%"!<%-%F%/%A%c(B}

$B8=:_$N%^%k%A%W%m%;%C%5$r!"%a%b%j!&%"!<%-%F%/%A%c$N4QE@$+$iBg$-$/J,$1$k$H!"(B
$B<!$N#3$D$K$J$k!#(B

\subsubsection{UMA(Uniform Memory Access)}
$BJ*M}%a%b%j$O6&M-%a%b%j$G$+$D!"$I$N%W%m%;%C%5$+$i$bG$0U$N%"%I%l%9$K$[$\(B
$BF1$8;~4V$G%"%/%;%9$G$-$k%"!<%-%F%/%A%c$G$"$k!#(B
\subsubsection{NUMA(Non-Uniform Memory Access)}
$BJ*M}%a%b%j$O6&M-%a%b%j$G$+$D!"%W%m%;%C%5$+$i$N%a%b%j%"%/%;%9;~4V$,(B
$B6Q0l$G$J$$%"!<%-%F%/%A%c$G$"$k!#3F%W%m%;%C%5$+$iEy5wN%$G%"%/%;%9$G$-$k(B
$B6&M-%a%b%j!J%0%m!<%P%k!&%a%b%j!K$,$"$k$+$I$&$+$K$h$j!"%m!<%+%k!?%j%b!<%H(B
$B!&%a%b%j!&%"!<%-%F%/%A%c$H!"%m!<%+%k!?%0%m!<%P%k!?%j%b!<%H!&%a%b%j!&(B
$B%"!<%-%F%/%A%c$KJL$l$k!#(B
\subsubsection{NORMA(NO Remote Memory Access)}
$B6&M-%a%b%j$r$b$?$:!"%W%m%;%C%5$+$i$N%"%/%;%9$O%W%m%;%C%5BP1~$N%m!<%+%k!&%a%b%j(B
$B$KBP$7$F9T$o$l$k%"!<%-%F%/%A%c$G$"$k!#(B


\subsection{$B2>A[%Z!<%8G[CV$NJ}K!(B}

NUMA$B7?%^%k%A%W%m%;%C%5$G$O!"%W%m%;%C%5$+$i$N%a%b%j%"%/%;%9;~4V$,(B
$BJ*M}%"%I%l%9$K$h$C$F0[$J$k$N$G!"2>A[%Z!<%8$r$I$NJ*M}%Z!<%8$K%^%C%T%s%0$9$k$+(B
$B$H$$$&2>A[%Z!<%8G[CVLdBj$,%W%m%0%i%`$N<B9T;~4V$KBg$-$J1F6A$rM?$($k!#(B
$B2>A[%Z!<%8G[CVJ}K!$O0J2<$N#2$D$KJ,N`$G$-$k!#(B

\begin{description}
\item [$B@EE*J}K!(B]
$B2>A[%Z!<%8$O#1$D$NJ*M}%Z!<%8$K%^%C%T%s%0$5$l$?$"$H$O!"J*M}%a%b%j$,ITB-$7$F(B
$B#2<!5-21$KDI$$=P$5$l$k>l9g$r=|$$$F!"$=$3$K8GDj$5$l$k!#(B
\item [$BF0E*J}K!(B]
$B2>A[%Z!<%8$NJ*M}%Z!<%8$X$N%^%C%T%s%0$r%W%m%0%i%`<B9TCf$KF0E*$KJQ99$9$k!#(B

\end{description}

$B@EE*J}K!$O<B8=J}K!$,C1=c$G$"$j!"4IM}$N%*!<%P%X%C%I$,>/$J$$$,!"J*M}%a%b%j(B
$B%"%/%;%9$NIT6Q0l@-$r==J,$K3h$+$7$-$l$F$$$J$$$H$$$&LdBj$,$"$k!#F0E*J}K!$O!"(B
$BJ*M}%a%b%j%"%/%;%9$NIT6Q0l@-$r9MN8$7$F!"6KNO%m!<%+%k!&%a%b%j$K%^%C%T%s%0$7$h$&(B
$B$H$9$kJ}K!$G$"$j!"4IM}$N%*!<%P%X%C%I$,@8$8$k$H$$$&7gE@$,$"$k$,!"IT6Q0l@-$r(B
$B3hMQ$G$-$k2DG=@-$,$"$j!":G6a8&5f$5$l$F$$$k!#0J2<!"F0E*J}K!$K$D$$$F=R$Y$k!#(B

$B0lHL$K!"6&M-$9$k2>A[%Z!<%8$NF0E*4IM}$H$7$F!"0J2<$N#2$D$,$"$k!#(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B%Z!<%8$rJ#@=$9$kJ}K!!'(B
$B2>A[%Z!<%8$r%"%/%;%9$9$k$9$Y$F$N%W%m%;%C%5$N%m!<%+%k!&%a%b%j$K2>A[%Z!<%8$r(B
$B%3%T!<$7$F!"%"%/%;%9;~4V$rC;=L$7$h$&$H$9$kJ}K!$G$"$k!#(B
\item $B%Z!<%8$r0\F0$9$kJ}K!!'(B
$B2>A[%Z!<%8$r%"%/%;%9$9$k%W%m%;%C%5$NCf$G$$$:$l$+#1$D$N%W%m%;%C%5$N%m!<%+%k!&(B
$B%a%b%j$K2>A[%Z!<%8$r%^%C%T%s%0$9$kJ}K!$G$"$k!#B>%W%m%;%C%5$+$i$O%j%b!<%H!&(B
$B%"%/%;%9$H$J$k$N$G!"%"%/%;%9;~4V$,$+$+$k!#(B

\end{enumerate}

$B$3$l$i#2$D$N$&$A$I$A$i$rMQ$$$k$+$O!"2>A[%Z!<%8$X$N%"%/%;%9B0@-$H%"%/%;%9(B
$BIQEY$J$I$K0MB8$9$k!#Nc$($P!"FI$_=P$7$7$+9T$o$J$$2>A[%Z!<%8$K$OJ}K!(B1$B$,(B
$BE,$7$F$$$k$,!"=q$-9~$_$r9T$&2>A[%Z!<%8$KJ}K!(B1$B$rE,MQ$9$k$H!"%G!<%?$N0l4S@-$r(B
$BJ]$D@)8f!J%3%R!<%l%s%9@)8f!K$,I,MW$H$J$j!"$3$N%*!<%P%X%C%I$,@8$8$F$7$^$&!#(B

$B$^$?!"<!$N$h$&$JNc$b$"$k!##1$D$N2>A[%"%I%l%96u4VFb$N%9%l%C%I(Ba,b$B$H!"(B
$B#3$D$N%G!<%?!&%*%V%8%'%/%H(BA,B,C$B$r9M$($k!#%G!<%?!&%*%V%8%'%/%H(BA,B$B$K$O(B
$B$=$l$>$l(Ba$B$N$_!"(Bb$B$N$_$,%"%/%;%9$7!"(Ba,b$B$G6&M-$7$J$$$H$9$k!#%G!<%?!&%*%V%8%'%/%H(B
C$B$O(Ba,b$B$G6&M-$7!"FI$_=q$-$9$k$H$9$k!#$^$?!"(BA,B,C$B$NBg$-$5$N9g7W$O2>A[%Z!<%8$N(B
$BBg$-$50J2<$H$9$k!#$3$N$H$-!"=hM}7O$,(BA,B,C$B$r#1$D$N2>A[%Z!<%8$K%^%C%T%s%0(B
$B$9$k$H!"K\Mh6&M-$5$l$J$$(BA,B$B$^$G$b$,6&M-$N$?$a$N@)8f$NBP>]$H$J$C$F!"(B
$B%m!<%+%k!&%a%b%j4V$r0\F0$9$k$3$H$K$J$j!"8zN($,0-$/$J$"$k!#$3$N$H$-!"=hM}7O$O!"(B
$B>/$J$/$H$b(BA,B$B$H(BC$B$O0[$J$k2>A[%Z!<%8$K%^%C%T%s%0$9$kI,MW$,$"$k!#%3%s%Q%$%k;~$K(B
$B@EE*$KJ,$+$k%G!<%?%"%/%;%9B0@-$O%^%C%T%s%0$K>/$J$/$H$bH?1G$5$;$kI,MW$,$"$k!#(B




\section{$BJBNs7W;;5!(BTOP-1$B$N(BOS}
\subsection{TOP-1}
TOP-1$B$O!"(B10$BBf$N%W%m%;%C%7%s%0!&%f%K%C%H(B(PU)$B$r%9%L!<%W!&%-%c%C%7%e$r2p$7$F(B
$B6&M-%P%9$G7k9g$7$?!"$$$o$f$k(BUMA(Uniform Memory Access)$B7?$NJBNs7W;;5!$G$"$k!#(B
$B3F(BPU$B$K$O(BIntel i386DX$B$H(B128KB$B$N%-%c%C%7%e$,AuHw$5$l$F$*$j!"%-%c%C%7%e4V$N0l4S@-$O(B
$B%O!<%I%&%'%"$K$h$C$FJ]$?$l$k!#(BHD$B$KD>@\%"%/%;%9$G$-$k$N$O!"(BHD$B@)8f(B(HDC)$B%+!<%I(B
$B$K@\B3$5$l$?FCDj$N(BPU$B$N$_$G$"$k!#$=$NB>$N(BI/O$B$d303&$X$N%"%/%;%9$O!"%U%m%s%H%(%s%I(B
$B!&%W%m%;%C%5$H$7$F@\B3$5$l$F$$$k(BIBM PS/55$B$r2p$7$F9T$o$l$k!#(B


\subsection{TOP-1 OS}
OS$B3+H/$K$"$?$C$F$O!"<B8=$,Hf3SE*MF0W$G$"$k%^%9%?!&%9%l!<%VJ}<0$rMQ$$$F$$$k!#(B
$B$D$^$j!"(BOS$B$N%+!<%M%k!&%3!<%I$OFCDj$N(BKPU(Kernel PU:PU0)$B$G$N$_<B9T$5$l!"(B
$B%W%m%;%9$N%f!<%6!&%3!<%IItJ,$rJBNs$K<B9T$9$k(BUPU(User PU:PU1-PU9)$B$K$h$C$F(B
$B8F$S=P$5$l$k!#$3$N$?$a!"%+!<%M%k!&%b!<%I$H%f!<%6!&%b!<%I$,@Z$jBX$o$k(B
$B$H$-$KF1;~$K(BPU$B$b@Z$jBX$($kI,MW$,$"$k!#$3$N%b!<%I@Z$jBX$(MQ$K!"(BKrunQ,
UrunQ$B$H$$$&#2$D$N%W%m%;%9!&%-%e!<$rMQ0U$7$F%W%m%;%94IM}$r9T$C$F$$$k!#(B
$B$3$l$O(BUnix$B$N(BrunQ(runnable process queue)$B$r3HD%$7$?$b$N$G!"(BKrunQ$B$K$O(B
KPU$B$G$N<B9T$rBT$C$F$$$k%W%m%;%9$,!"(BUrunQ$B$K$O(BUPU$B$G$N<B9T$rBT$C$F$$$k(B
$B%W%m%;%9$,F~$l$i$l$k!#(B

\section{$BJBNs8@8l(BKL1$B$H(BOS}
KL1$B$O!"Aq1`5!G=(B,$B<B9TM%@h=g0L;XDj5!G=(B,$BIi2YJ,;6;XDj5!G=$J$I!"(B
$BJBNs%^%7%s>e$G$N%W%m%0%i%`$N<B9T@)8f5!G=$rHw$($?JBNsO@M}7?8@8l$G$"$k!#(B
$B$3$l$K$h$C$FJBNs(BOS$B$G$"$k(BPIMOS$B$r5-=R$9$k$3$H$r9M$($k!#(B

\subsection{$BJBNs%^%7%s$N35MW(B}

KL1$B$r5/F0$5$;$kJBNs%^%7%s$O%^%k%A(BPSI$B$*$h$S(BPIM(Parallel Inference Machine)
$B$G$"$k!#%^%k%A(BPSI$B$O!"C`<!7??dO@%^%7%s(BPSI(Personal Sequential Inference machine)
$B$N(BCPU$B$r>.7?2=$7!":GBg(B64$BBf$^$G%M%C%H%o!<%/$G7k9g$7$?%^%k%A%W%m%;%C%5%7%9%F%`(B
$B$G$"$k!#0lJ}(BPIM$B$O!"(B8$BBfDxEY$N%W%m%;%C%5$r6&M-%a%b%j$G7k9g$7$?%/%i%9%?$H$=$N(B
$B%/%i%9%?4V$r%M%C%H%o!<%/$G7k9g$7$?3,AX9=B$$N%^%7%s$G$"$k!#(B

$B%^%k%A(BPSI$B$N%"!<%-%F%/%A%c>e$N@-<A$r<($9$H<!$N$h$&$K$J$k!#(B
\begin{itemize}

\item $B3F%W%m%;%C%7%s%0%(%l%a%s%H(B(PE)$B$O%m!<%+%k%a%b%j$r;}$D!#(B
\item PE$BF1;N$O%M%C%H%o!<%/$G@\B3$5$l$k!#(B
\item PE$B4V$G$O6&M-%a%b%j$r$b$?$:!"%G!<%?9=B$$r6&M-$9$k>l9g$K$OJL$N(BPE$BFbIt$X$N(B
$B%]%$%s%?$,@8$8$k!#(B
\item PE$BFb$N%"%I%l%97O$H(BPE$B4V$K$^$?$,$k%"%I%l%97O$O0[$J$k!#$9$J$o$A!"(BPE$B$r(B
$BEO$k%]%$%s%?$O!"3F(BPE$B$N=PF~8}$G%"%I%l%97O$NJQ49$,;\$5$l$k!#(B
\end{itemize}

$B$3$l$i$N@-<A$O!"(BPIM$B$N3F%/%i%9%?$r(B1$B$D$N(BPE$B$H$_$J$7$?>l9g$K$bEv$F$O$^$k!#(B

\subsection{PIMOS$B$N35MW(B}
PIMOS$B$O%7%s%0%k%f!<%6!"%^%k%A%?%9%/$N5!G=$rDs6!$9$k=8CfC10l7?$N(B
OS$B$G$"$j!"J#?t$N(BPE$B>e$NFHN)$7$?(BOS$B$,6(D4$7$J$,$i=hM}$r?J$a$k$h$&$JJ,;6(BOS$B$G$O(B
$B$J$$!#(B

$B<B9T;~$K$O!"%9%1%8%e!<%i$,3F(BPE$BFb$K$"$k%4!<%k%9%?%C%/$+$i<B9T2DG=$J%4!<%k$r(B
$BM%@h=g0L$N9b$$$b$N$+$i<h$j=P$7$F=g<!<B9T$7$F$$$/!#$3$N$H$-!"%4!<%k$N<B9T$,(B
$B0lIt$N(BPE$B$K=8Cf$7$J$$$h$&$KD4@0$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!#$3$l$,(BKL1$B$NIi2YJ,;6;XDj(B
$B5!G=$G!"%4!<%kC10L$K$=$N%4!<%k$r<B9T$5$;$k$Y$-(BPE$BHV9f$r;XDj$G$-$k!#(B
$B$^$?!"$3$N(BPE$BHV9f$N;XDj$r<B9T;~$KM?$($k$3$H$b$G$-$k$N$G!"E,Ev$JIi2YJ,;6(B
$B$NJ}?K$r(BKL1$B<+?H$G5-=R$7<B:]$N7W;;$N?J$_6q9g$$$r8+$J$,$iE,EY$JJ,;6;XDj$r(B
$B7h$a$k$3$H$b$"$kDxEY2DG=$G$"$k!#(B


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1149(Sep.1993).
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(Aug.1995).
\item $B5\:jIRI'!'JBNsO@M}7?8@8l(BKL1$B$N<B8=J}<0$HJBNs(BOS$B$N5-=R(B,$BEE;R>pJs(B
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