\documentstyle[epsf,a4j,jtwocolumn]{jarticle}
\begin{document}
\title{$BJY6/2q%l%8%e%a(B\\$BJBNs2hA|=hM}$K$D$$$F(B}
\author{$B5HC+(B $BD><y(B}
\date{$BJ?@.#8G/#57n#1F|(B}
\maketitle
\section{$B=xO@(B}
$B?^3X$NL\E*$O(B,$BJ*BN$N7A>uB0@-$rB>?M$KEA$($k$?$a$NI=8=5;=Q$G$"$k!#$3$NJ,Ln$K(B
$B%3%s%T%e!<%?!<=hM}$rF3F~$9$k$3$H$K$h$C$F$h$jJ#;($J7A>u$rB>?M$KEA$($k$3$H(B
$B$,2DG=$H$J$j(B,$B$=$NBeI=E*$J1~MQ$G$"$k@_7W@8;:1~MQ$O#C#A#D!?#C#A#M$HL>$E$1$i$l(B
$B2h4|E*$JM-MQ@-$rH/4x$7$F$$$k!#%3%s%T%e!<%?!<$GC1=c$J?^7A=hM}$r$9$k$N$K$b6/(B
$BNO$J7W;;G=NO$rI,MW$H$9$k$,(B,$B$3$N$h$&$K<+A32J3X$rCf?4$H$9$k@$3&$r%7%e%_%l!<%H(B
$B$7(B,$B$=$l$r2D;k2=$7$F?M$,MF0W$KM}2r$G$-$k5;=Q$r%3%s%T%e!<%?!<$G<B8=$9$k$3$H$O(B,
$B?7$7$$%"%k%4%j%:%`$rI,MW$H$9$k(B,$B$HF1;~$K%3%s%T%e!<%?!<<+BN$KBP$7$F$h$j6/NO$J(B
$B7W;;G=NO$rMW5a$9$k!#$3$NMW5a$rK~$?$95;=Q$H$7$FJBNs=hM}$,CN$i$l$F$$$k!#(B
\subsection{$B?^7A=hM}$NNr;K(B}
\begin{itemize}
\item $BBh#1@$Be!'!J??6u4I!K(B
\item $BBh#2@$Be!'!J%H%i%s%8%9%?!K%o%$%d%U%l!<%`%b%G%k(B,$B%9%-%c%s%i%$%sK!(B
\item $BBh#3@$Be!'!J#I#C!K%5!<%U%'%9%b%G%k(B,$B%9%`!<%:%7%'!<%G%#%s%0K!(B
\item $BBh#4@$Be!'!J#L#S#I!?#V#L#S#I!K%=%j%C%I%b%G%k(B,$B%l%$%H%l!<%7%s%0K!(B,$B%i%8%*(B
$B%7%F%#K!(B
\item $BBh#5@$Be!'(B $B!J%^%k%A%W%m%;%C%5!K<B;~4V$G$N#4<!85%b%G%k(B
\end{itemize}
\subsection{$B?^7A=hM}$N1~MQ(B}
\begin{itemize}
\item $B9)6H@8;:!'@_7W;Y1g!J#C#A#D!?#C#A#M!K(B,$B9b@:EY$,MW5a$5$l$k!#(B
\item $B?^7A(B,$B2hA|9g@.!';(;o(B,$B%"%K%a!<%7%g%s(B,$B1GA|@8@.(B,$B:n@.<T$N35G0(B,$B46@-$r==J,(B
$BI=8=$9$k$KB-$k2hA|IJ<A$,MW5a$5$l$k!#(B
\item $B%R%e!<%^%s%$%s%?!<%U%'!<%9!'5;G=8~>e(B,
$B<+A32J3XA4HL$N7W;;7k2L$N2D;k1~MQ(B,$B#G#U#I(B,$B1~EzFC@-$,=EMW$H$J$k!#(B
\end{itemize}


\section{$B?^7A=hM}$N4pAC(B}
\subsection{$B#2<!85%0%i%U%#%C%/%9=hM}(B}
\subsubsection{$BD>@~$H1_$NIA2h(B}
$B%i%9%?%9%-%c%s7??^7A=hM}AuCV$G$O!"?^7A=hM}%"%k%4%j%:%`$K$h$C$FF@$i$l$?(B
$B%T%/%;%k%G!<%?$r%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$K3JG<$7!"%G%#%9%W%l%$%3%s%H%m!<%i$,2hLL(B
$BAv::$K9g$o$;(B,$B%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$+$iFI$_=P$7$?%T%/%;%k%G!<%?$KBP1~$9$k?.9f$r(B
$B%G%#%9%W%l%$$K6!5k$9$k(B\\
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%T%/%;%k!'%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$K3JG<$5$l$k%G%8%?%k2hA|$N#12hAG$KBP1~$7(B,
$B%G!<%?$H$7$F51EY$d?'$rI=$9%G%8%?%kCM$r;}$D!#(B
\item $B%9%/%j!<%s:BI87O!'%9%/%j!<%s>e$N0LCV$r#2<!85(B x$B!"(By$B:BI87O$GI=8=(B
\end{itemize}
Bresenham $B$N%"%k%4%j%:%`(B\\
\begin{quote}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $BD>@~IA2h!';OE@(B(x,y)$B$H=*E@(B(x+dx,y+dy)$B$K$h$C$FDj5A$5$l$k@~J,$rIA2h(B
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%"%k%4%j%:%`#1!';OE@$+$i=*E@$K8~$+$$(B,x$B$,#1A}2C$9$k$4$H$K(By$B$r7W;;$7(B
$B$=$l$r;M<N8^F~$7$?CM$r5a$a!"#1%T%/%;%kIA2h$9$k!#(B
\begin{quote}
\begin{verbatim}
/* $B#2C<E@(B(x,y),(x+dx,y+dy)$B$r$b$D@~J,$rIA2h$9$k4X?t(B
 $B!J(Bdx>dy>0$B$H$9$k(B )*/  
Draw_line(x,y,dx,dy)
int x,y,dx,dy;
{int i;float d,e;
 d=(float)dy/(float)dx;
/* x$B$r#1A}$7$?$H$-$N(By$B$NA}J,(B */
 e=d-0.5;
 for(i=0;i<=dx;i++){
  point(x,y);
  if(e>0){y+=1;e-=1.0}
  x+=1;
  e+=d;
  }
}
\end{verbatim}
\end{quote}
\begin{center}
$B%j%9%H#1(B.$BIA2h%"%k%4%j%:%`#1(B
\end{center}
\item $B%"%k%4%j%:%`#2!'%"%k%4%j%:%`#1$GIaDL$K(By$B$r5a$a$k$HIbF0>.?tE@$N(B
$B=|;;$,I,MW$H$J$j!"8zN($,0-$$!#$=$l$r2~A1$7$?$b$N!#(B
\begin{quote}
\begin{verbatim}
Draw_line(x,y,dx,dy)
int x,y,dx,dy;
{int i,e;
 e=2*dy-dx;
 for(i=0;i<=dx;i++){
  point(x,y);
  if(e>0)
     {y+=1;e+=2*(dy-dx)}
  else
     {e+=2*dy;}
  x+=1;
  }
}
\end{verbatim}
\end{quote}
\begin{center}
$B%j%9%H#2(B.$BIA2h%"%k%4%j%:%`#2(B
\end{center}
\end{itemize}
\item $B1_$NIA2h!'1_$N#1!?#8$N1_8L!J(B$x^2+y^2=r^2$$B$+$D(B$0\le x<y$$B!K$rIA2h$9$k(B
$B%"%k%4%j%:%`!#B>$NItJ,$OBP>]@-$K$h$j3HD%$G$-$k!#(B
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%"%k%4%j%:%`#3!'(B(0,r)$B$+$i(B(r/$\sqrt{2}$,r/$\sqrt{2}$)$B$^$G(Bx$B:BI8$r(B
$B#1A}$9Kh$K#1%I%C%HIA2h$9$k!#(By$B:BI8$H$7$F$O(B$\sqrt{r^2-x^2}$$B$N;M<N8^F~(B
$B$7$?@0?tCM$rA*$V!#(B($x_p,y_p$)$B$^$GIA2h$7$?;~!"(B$x=x_p+1$$B$G$N(By$B:BI8$O!"(B
$BE@(B($x_p+1,y_p-1/2$)$B$,1_$NFbIt$J$i(B$y_p$,$B$=$&$G$J$$$J$i(B$y_p-1$$B$G$"$k!#(B
$BI>2A4X?t$H$7$F$O(B$F(x,y)=x^2+y^2-r^2$$B$r;H$$!"(B$d_p=F(x_p+1,y_p-1/2)$$B$,(B
$BIi$J$i(B$y_p$,$B$=$&$G$J$$$J$i(B$y_p-1$$B$G$"$k!#(B
\item $B%"%k%4%j%:%`#4!'%"%k%4%j%:%`#3$+$iIbF0>.?tE@$N=|;;$r=|$/$h$&2~A1(B
$B$7$?$b$N!#(B
\end{itemize}
\end{enumerate}
\end{quote} 
\subsubsection{$B?^7A$N0\F0(B,$BJQ7A(B}
$B#2<!85?^7A$KBP$9$k4pK\E*$J4v2?3XA`:n$H$7$F!$J?9T0\F0!$2sE>!$%9%1!<%j%s%0$,(B
$B$"$k!#$3$l$i$NA`:n$O!$F1<!:BI8$rMQ$$$?#1<!JQ49$N9TNs1i;;$G9T$J$&!#(B
\subsubsection{$B%S%e!<%$%s%0JQ49(B}
$B%S%e!<%$%s%0JQ49$H$O%o!<%k%I:BI87O$GDj5A$5$l$??^7A$r%9%/%j!<%s:BI8$X<LA|(B
$B$9$kJQ49$G$"$k!#%S%e!<%$%s%0JQ49$NCf$G$bFC$KNI$/;H$o$l$k$N$,%&%#%s%I%&JQ49(B
$B$G$"$k!#%&%#%s%I%&JQ49$H$O!$%o!<%k%I:BI87O$KDj5A$5$l$?%&%#%s%I%&$r%9%/%j!<(B
$B%s:BI87O$KDj5A$5$l$?%S%e!<%]!<%H$X<LA|$9$kJQ49$G$"$j!$2sE>A`:n$rH<$o$J$$!#(B
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%o!<%k%I:BI87O!'0lHL$K?^7A$rDj5A$7$F$$$k:BI87O$G!$%9%/%j!<%s>e$NI=<((B
$B0LCV$rI=$9%9%/%j!<%s:BI87O$H6hJL$5$l$k(B
\item $B%S%e!<%]!<%H!'%9%/%j!<%s>e$NI=<(0LCV(B
\end{itemize}
\subsubsection{$B%/%j%C%T%s%0(B}
$B%/%j%C%T%s%0$H$O!$Dj5A$5$l$??^7A$KBP$7$F!$%&%#%s%I%&FbIt$NI=<($5$l$k$Y$-ItJ,$r(B
$B5a$a$k=hM}$G$"$k!#%&%#%s%I%&$r#4K\$ND>@~(B$x=x_{left},x=x_{right},y=y_{bottom},
y=y_{top}$$B$G0O$^$l$kNN0h$H$7$?$H$-!$$3$l$i6-3&$ND>@~$r%/%j%C%T%s%0%(%C%8$H$$$&!#(B
%\begin{figure}
%\begin{center}
%\epsfile{file=crip.eps}
%\caption{$B%/%j%C%T%s%0(B}
%\end{center}
%\end{figure}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Cohen\&Sutherland$B$N%"%k%4%j%:%`(B
$B!'A0=hM}$H$7$F@~J,$NC<E@$,%&%#%s%I%&$H$I$N$h$&$J0LCV4X78$+$rI=$9%3!<%I(B
$B$r3FC<E@$K$D$$$F7W;;!#%3!<%I$O#4%S%C%H$GI=$5$l!"3F%S%C%H$O$=$l$>$l%&%#%s%I%&(B
$B$N>e2<:81&$rI=$9!#<!$K@~J,$N#2C<E@$N%3!<%I$r5a$a!"$H$b$K(B0000$B$J$i40A4$K(B
$B%&%#%s%I%&Fb$K$"$k$N$G@~J,$r=PNO$9$k!#$=$&$G$J$$$J$i!"%S%C%H$4$H$NO@M}@Q(B
$B$r5a$a!"(B0000$B$J$i(B $B40A4$K%&%#%s%I%&30$K$"$k$N$G=*N;!#$=$&$G$J$$$J$i!"(B
$B3F%/%j%C%T%s%0$KBP$9$k%/%j%C%T%s%0$r<B9T$9$k!#$b$7!"8r:9$9$k$3$H$,J,$+$l$P!"(B
$B8rE@$r5a$a!"?7$7$$C<E@$H$7$F$=$NC<E@$r;}$D@~J,$KJL$N%/%j%C%T%s%0$H$N(B
$B%/%j%C%T%s%0>r7o$rH=Dj$9$k!#(B
\item $B%]%j%4%s$N%/%j%C%T%s%0%"%k%4%j%:%`!'D:E@Ns$GI=$5$l$?%]%j%4%s$r(B
$BF~NO$H$7!"$=$N%]%j%4%s$r3F%/%j%C%T%s%0%(%C%8$KBP$7=gHV$K=hM}$9$k!#(B
$B%-%e!<$K3JG<$5$l$?%]%j%4%s$ND:E@Ns(B\{$P_0,...,P_i,...,P_n$\}$B$+$iD:E@(B
$P_i$$B$r#1$D$:$D<h$j=P$7!"8=:_CeL\$7$F$$$k%/%j%C%T%s%0%(%C%8(B$e_j$$B$K(B
$B4X$7$FD:E@(B$P_i$$B$,I=<($5$l$kB&$K$"$k$+D4$Y!"I=<($5$l$kB&$K$"$l$P(B$P_i$
$B$r%]%j%4%s#Q$ND:E@$H$7$F=PNO!#$5$i$K(B$P_i$$B$H(B$P_{i-1}$$B$,%/%j%C%T%s%0%(%C%8(B
$B$K4X$7$FF1$8B&$+$rD4$Y!"0[$J$kB&$K$"$l$P!"JU(B$P_iP_{i-1}$$B$H(B$e_j$$B$H$N8rE@(B
$B$r5a$a!"#Q$ND:E@$H$7$F=PNO!#$3$l$r3F%(%C%8$KBP$7$F9T$J$&!#(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B%]%j%4%s$N%9%-%c%s%3%s%P!<%8%g%s(B}
$BFbItNN0h$r;}$DJD$8$?#2<!85?^7A$rIA2h$9$kJ}K!(B
\begin{itemize}
\item Y-X$B%"%k%4%j%:%`!'A0=hM}$H$7$F!"(By$B%P%1%C%H%j%9%H$H8F$P$l$k%]%j%4%s(B
$B$NJU$r(By$B:BI8$N:GBgCM$G%=!<%F%#%s%0$7$?O"7k%j%9%H$r:n@.$9$k!#(B
\begin{itemize}
\item $B3FJU$N%G!<%?!'(By$B:BI8$N:GBgCM(B$y_{max}$$B$H$=$N;~$N(Bx$B:BI8(B$x_{top}$,y$B$,#18:>/(B
$B$9$k$H$-$N(Bx$B$NA}J,(B,$B$=$NJU$N8r:9$9$k%9%-%c%s%i%$%s?t(B
\item $B%"%/%F%#%V%(%C%8%j%9%H!'8=:_=hM}Cf$N%9%-%c%s%i%$%s$H8r:9$9$kJU$N%j%9%H(B
\end{itemize}
y$B:BI8$NBg$-$$=g$KAv::$7!"%"%/%F%#%V%(%C%8%j%9%HCf$N8rE@$N(Bx$B:BI8$r99?7$7$F!"(B
$B$=$N%9%-%c%s%i%$%s$H8r:9$7$J$$JU$r=|5n$7!"$=$3$+$i;O$^$kJU$rIU2C$9$k!#(B
$B$=$N8e!"JU$r(Bx$B:BI8$N>.$5$$=g$K%=!<%H$7!"$=$N=g$GAv::$7$F8rE@$K=P9g$&EY$K(B
$B%]%j%4%s$K=PF~$j$9$k$HH=CG$7$F%]%j%4%sFbIt$N6h4V$N%T%/%;%k$rIA2h$9$k!#(B
\end{itemize}
\subsection{$B#3<!85%0%i%U%#%C%/%9$N4v2?3X=hM}(B}
\subsubsection{$B7A>u%b%G%k(B}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B#3<!857A>u%b%G%k(B
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%o%$%d%U%l!<%`%b%G%k!'E@$H@~$K$h$j9=@.(B
\item $B%5!<%U%'%9%b%G%k!'E@$H@~$HLL$K$h$j9=@.(B
\item $B%=%j%C%I%b%G%k!'Cf?H$,$D$^$C$?#3<!85J*BN$r<h$j07$&%b%G%k(B
\end{itemize}
\item $B%=%j%C%I%b%G%k$NF~NOK!!'#3LL?^(B,$B%b%G%i!J%b%G%k9=@.%=%U%H!K$NDs6!$9$k(B
$B7A>u%W%j%_%F%#%V(B,$B$=$N=89g1i;;$r;XDj$7$?$b$N(B,$BBPOCE*;XDj(B
\item B-reps$B%b%G%k$H(BCSG$B%b%G%k(B
\begin{itemize}
\item B-reps$B%b%G%k!'I=LL$rDj5A$7$FJ*BN5-=R(B
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%&%#%s%0%I%(%C%8%G!<%?9=B$!'BN%N!<%I(B,$BJU%N!<%I(B,$BLL%N!<%I(B,$BD:E@%N!<%I(B
$B$+$i$J$j!"F1<o$N%N!<%I$O4D>u$NAPJ}8~O"7k%j%9%H$G%j%s%09=@.(B
\end{itemize}
\item CSG$B%b%G%k!'4JC1$J7A>u%W%j%_%F%#%V$N=89g1i;;$r7+$jJV$9$3$H$GJ#;($J7A>u(B
$B$r;}$DJ*BN$rDj5A$9$k!#=89g1i;;$N3,AX9=B$$rI=8=$9$kLZ9=B$$r;}$D!#(B
\end{itemize}
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B?^7A$N0\F0(B,$BJQ7A(B}
$B#3<!85?^7A$N4pK\A`:n$H$7$FJ?9T0\F0!$2sE>!$%9%1!<%j%s%0$,M-$k!#$3$l$i$O#2<!85(B
$B$N>l9g$HF1MM$KF1<!:BI8$rMQ$$$F4J7i$KI=8=$G$-$k!#(B
\subsubsection{$B:BI87O$NJQ49(B}
$BJ*BN$,J#;($J3,AX9=B$$r;}$A!$ItIJ$r5-=R$9$k$N$K%m!<%+%k$J:BI87O!J%b%G%j%s%0:BI8(B
$B!K$,;HMQ$5$l$F$$$k>l9g$K$O!$$3$l$i$NItIJ$r%o!<%k%I:BI8$K:BI8JQ49$9$kI,MW$,$"$k(B
$B!#$3$NJQ49$r%b%G%j%s%0JQ49$H$h$V!#$^$?%o!<%k%I:BI87O$+$i;kE@:BI87O$X$NJQ49$r(B
$B;kLnJQ49$H8F$P$l$k!#(B
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%o!<%k%I:BI87O!'#3<!85?^7A$rDj5A$9$k6u4V$N:BI87O!J1&<j7O!K(B
\item $B;kE@:BI87O!';kE@$r86E@$H$7!"(Bz$B<4$N@5J}8~$,;k@~J}8~$H0lCW$7!"(B
y$B<4$N@5J}8~$,%9%/%j!<%s$N>eJ}8~$H0lCW$9$k:BI87O!J:8<j7O!K(B
\end{itemize}
$B;kE@:BI87O$NE@(B$P(X_e,Y_e,Z_e)$$B$,Ej1F$5$l$k%9%/%j!<%s>e$NE@(B$(X_s,Y_s)$$B$O(B
$BF1<!:BI8$G<!$N$h$&$K$J$k!#(B
\begin{eqnarray*}
\\\\(X,Y,Z,w)&=&             \\(X_e,Y_e,Z_e,1)\left( \begin{array}{cccc}
1&0&0&0\\
0&1&0&0\\
0&0&S/\{1-(D/F)\}&S/D\\
0&0&-S/\{1-(D/F)\}&0\\
\end{array} \right)
\end{eqnarray*}
\begin{quote}
D$B!';kE@$H%9%/%j!<%s$N5wN%(B\\
F$B!';kE@$H8eJ}%/%j%C%T%s%0LL$H$N5wN%(B\\
S$B!'%9%/%j!<%s%5%$%:$N#1!?#2(B
\end{quote}
$X_s=X/w,Y_s=Y/w,Z_s=Z/w$\\
$B#3<!85%9%/%j!<%s:BI87O(B$(X_s,Y_s,Z_s)$\\
$B@55,AuCV%9%/%j!<%s:BI87O(B$(X_s,Y_s)$$B"*%S%e!<%]!<%HJQ49"*#C#R#T2hLLI=<((B\\
$B#3<!85$N%/%j%C%T%s%0!'#2<!85$N$H$-$N%3!<%I#4%S%C%H$r%S%e!<%\%j%e!<%`(B
$B$N#6LL$KBP1~$9$k#6%S%C%H$K3HD%$9$k!#(B
\subsection{$B%l%s%@%j%s%0=hM}(B}
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%7%'!<%G%#%s%0%b%G%k!'7A>u$@$1$G$J$/J*BN$,K\MhM-$7$F$$$kI=LL$N(B
$B8w3XE*@-<A$d8w8;$r5-=R$7$?%b%G%k(B
\item $B%l%s%@%j%s%0=hM}(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B1#$lLL=hM}!'2D;k$H$J$kJ*BNLL7hDj(B
\item $B1F=hM}!'1F$r$D$1$k(B
\item $B51EY7W;;!'?'$dL@$k$5$N;;=P(B
\item $B%"%s%A%(%j%"%7%s%0!'2h<A2~A1(B
\item $B%F%/%9%A%c%^%C%T%s%0!'#2<!85$N%F%/%9%A%c%Q%?!<%s$r#3<!85$NI=LL$KE=$j(B
$BIU$1$k(B
\end{enumerate}
\end{itemize}
\subsubsection{$B1#$lLL=hM}(B}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Z$B%P%C%U%!K!(B\\
$B%O!<%I%&%'%"$H$7$FJ*BN$N(Bz$BCM$rJ];}$9$k$?$a$N(BZ$B%P%C%U%!$rMQ0U(B\\
$B%]%j%4%s$N3FLL(BF$B$K$D$$$F(BF$B$r(Bxy$BJ?LL>e$KJB9TEj1F$7$?>l9g$NEj1FNN0h$K4^$^$l$k(B
$B%T%/%;%k$rNs5s!J%9%-%c%s%3%s%P!<%8%g%sA`:n!K$7!"(B(x,y)$B$KEj1F$5$l$k(BF$B>e$NE@$N(B
z$BCM$rJ?LLJ}Dx<0$+$i(B$z=-(ax+by+d)/c$$B$K$h$j7W;;$9$k!#%9%-%c%s%i%$%s(By$B$NAv::(B
$B$G$O!"#12hAG1&$K?J$`$H(Bx$B$,#1A}$9$N$G(Bz$BCM$,(B$-a/c$$B$4$H$NA}J,7W;;$G5a$^$j!"(B
$B9bB.2=$,?^$l$k!#$3$&$7$F(Bz$BCM$r5a$a!"$"$kLL$G5a$a$?%T%/%;%k$N(Bz$BCM$,$"0JA0$NLL$G(B
$B5a$a$?(Bz$BCM$h$j>.$5$1$l$P!"$=$NE@$NJ}$,;kE@$K6a$$$N$G(Bz$B%P%C%U%!CM$*$h$S51EY$r(B
$B99?7$9$k!#(B\\
$B%a%b%j;HMQNLBg!#(B\\
*$B%9%-%c%s%i%$%s(B-Z$B%P%C%U%!K!!'#1%9%-%c%s%i%$%sJ,$N(BZ$B%P%C%U%!$N$_$rMQ0U$7!"(B
$B%]%j%4%s$N%9%-%c%s%3%s%P!<%8%g%s$K(BY$B!](BX$B%"%k%4%j%:%`$r;HMQ$7$?$b$N!#(B
\item $B%9%-%c%s%i%$%sK!!'%]%j%4%s$N%3%R!<%l%s%7!<$r:GBg8BMxMQ$7!"=hM}(B
$BB.EY$N8~>e$H5-21NN0h$N:o8:$r?^$k%"%k%4%j%:%`(B\\
%\begin{figure}
%\begin{center}
%\epsfile{file=scanln.eps}
%\caption{$B%9%-%c%s%i%$%sK!(B}
%\end{center}
%\end{figure}
$B>e$+$i2<$K%9%-%c%s%i%$%sC10L$NAv::$r9T$J$&!#8=:_Av::Cf$N%9%-%c%s%i%$%sJ?LL(B
$B$H%]%j%4%s$N8r:9$K$h$j7hDj$5$l$k@~J,$r%"%/%F%#%V%;%0%a%s%H$H$$$&!#(B
$B%"%/%F%#%V%;%0%a%s%H$NC<E@$r(Bx$B:BI8$N>.$5$$=g$K%=!<%F%#%s%0$7!"C<E@$NNs$r(B
${x_i}$$B$H$7$?$H$-!"3F6h4V(B$[x_i,x_{i+1}]$$B$r%9%Q%s$H8F$V!#%9%-%c%s%i%$%s(B
$BAv::$K$*$$$F$O(B,$B3F%9%Q%s$r:8$+$i=g$KAv::$7!"%9%Q%sC10L$K2D;k%;%0%a%s%H$r7hDj(B
$B$9$k!#2D;k$+$I$&$+$O%9%Q%s$NC<E@$G$N(Bz$BCM$rHf3S$9$k$3$H$GH=Dj$9$k$,!"%9%Q%s$N(B
$BC<E@$G$NHf3S$G$O$o$+$i$J$$$H$-$O8rE@$r5a$a!"2D;k$H$J$kItJ,$r7W;;$9$k!#$=$l$G(B
$B5a$^$i$J$$$H$-$O%9%Q%s$rJ,3d$7$F$$$/!#(B
\item $B%l%$%H%l!<%7%s%0K!!'%9%/%j!<%s>e$N3F%T%/%;%k$K$*$$$F!"$=$N%T%/%;%k(B
$B$rDL$7$F;kE@$KF~$C$F$/$k8w@~$r5UDI@W$78w@~$H3FJ*BN$H$N8r:9H=Dj1i;;$r<B9T(B
$B$7$F!"8w@~$H8rE@$r;}$DJ*BN$NCf$G0lHV;kE@$K6a$$J*BN$r5a$a$k!#H?<M!"F)2a!"(B
$B1F=hM}$r4^$`51EY7W;;$rJ*BN$H8w@~$H$N8r:9H=Dj$H$$$&C1=c$J=hM}$N7+$jJV$7(B
$B$G07$($k!#$?$@$7!"$9$Y$F$NJ*BN$H$N8r:9H=Dj$K$O$+$J$j;~4V$,$+$+$k!#(B\\
$BE@(B$(x_0,y_0,z_0)$$B$+$iH/$7!"E@(B$(x_1,y_1,z_1)$$B$K8~$+$&8w@~$O<!$N$h$&$K(B
$BI=$;$k!#!J$?$@$7(B$t\le 0$$B!K(B
\begin{eqnarray*}
\left\{\begin{array}{cc}
x=x_0+t\Delta x & \Delta x=x_1-x_0\\
y=y_0+t\Delta y & \Delta y=y_1-y_0\\
z=z_0+t\Delta z & \Delta y=z_1-z_0\\
\end{array}\right.
\end{eqnarray*}
$B8r:9H=Dj$9$k%]%j%4%s$NJ?LL$NJ}Dx<0$,(B$ax+by+cz+d=0$$B$J$i(B\\$t(a\Delta x+b\Delta
y+c\Delta z)+(ax_0+by_0+cz_0+d)=0$$B$H$J$k!#(Bt$B$N78?t$,(B0$B$J$i8r:9$7$J$$!#(B
$B$=$l0J30$J$i(Bt$B$K$D$$$F$H$-!"8rE@$,5a$^$k!#8rE@$,%]%j%4%sFbIt$K4^$^$l$k$+H]$+(B
$B$O<g<4J}8~$KJ?9TEj1F$7$F#2<!85$NLdBj$K5"Ce$7$F2r$/!#(B
\item $B%W%i%$%*%j%F%#K!!'$9$Y$F$N%]%j%4%s$r(Bz$BCM$K$h$C$F%=!<%F%#%s%0$7$?%j%9%H(B
$B$r:n@.$7!"<!$K;kE@$+$i8+$?%]%j%4%s$N=g=x4X78$r%j%9%H$N1|$+$i=g$KD4$Y!"I,MW(B
$B$K1~$8$F%]%j%4%s$N=g=x$rF~$l49$($?$j!"J,3d$7$?$j$7$F3F%]%j%4%s$KM%@h=g0L(B
$B$r$D$1$k!#$3$l$K4p$E$-1s$$%]%j%4%s$+$i=g$K%U%l!<%`%P%C%U%!$K=q$-9~$`!#$h$C$F(B
$B:G=*E*$J%T%/%;%kCM$O:G8e$K=q$-9~$^$l$?%]%j%4%s$N51EY$H$J$k!#(B
\item $BNN0hJ,3dK!!'%9%/%j!<%s:BI87O$G%9%/%j!<%sJ,3d$r9T$J$$J,3d$7$FF@$i$l$k(B
$B3FNN0hC10L$K1#$lLL=hM}$r9T$J$&!#0lHL$K>.NN0hDxEj1F$5$l$kJ*BN$O>/$J$/LdBj$O(B
$BC1=c2=$5$l$k!#(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item Warnock$B$N%"%k%4%j%:%`!'4JC1$K1#$lLL=hM}$,9T$J$($k$^$G#1$D$N(B
$B6k7ANN0h$r#4$D$N6k7ANN0h$KJ,3d$9$kA`:n$r7+$jJV$9!#(B
\item Weiler-Atherton$B$N%"%k%4%j%:%`!'Ej1F$5$l$?%]%j%4%s$N6-3&$K1h$C$F(B
$B%9%/%j!<%sJ,3d(B
\end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B8w8;%b%G%k(B}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $BJ?9T8w@~(B
\item $BE@8w8;!'J|<M>u$KJ|=P(B
\item $B%9%]%C%H%i%$%H!'M-8B$NDlLL@Q$r;}$DJ?9T8w@~$N1_E{(B
\item $B$=$NB>!'@~8w8;(B,$BLL8w8;(B,$BB?LLBN8w8;$J$I(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B51EY7W;;(B}
$B8w8;$+$i=P$?8w$,J*BNI=LL$GH?<M!"F)2a$r9T$J$$!"$=$NCf$G2D;kJ*BN$NI=LL$+$i(B
$B=P$FL\$KC#$9$k8w$NNL$r7W;;$9$k!#(B\\
$B%i%9%?%9%-%c%s#C#R#T$G$O#R!"#G!"#B$N#3K\$NEE;R=F$NEE05$r@)8f$7$F%9%/%j!<%s(B
$B4ILL$N7V8wBN$NH/8wNL$rD4@0$9$k$?$a$N#R!"#G!"#B%G!<%?$r7W;;$9$k!#(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $BD>@\8w(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $BH?<M8w(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B3H;6H?<M!'IT5,B'$JN3;RLL$KBP$9$k!"$5$^$6$^$JJ}8~$KF~<M8w$,H?<M$5$l$k(B
$BH?<M(B\\
\item $B6@LLH?<M!'6bB0LL$J$I5,B'E*$KG[Ns$7$F$$$kLL$KBP$9$k!"F~<M8w$,K!@~$K4X$7$F(B
$BBP>N$KH?<M$5$l$kH?<M(B\\
$B6@LLH?<M8w!'H?<MJ}8~$HB?>/$:$l$F$$$F$bI=LL$N1zFL$K$h$jL\$KF~$kH?<M8w$N0lIt(B
\end{enumerate}
\item $BF)2a8w(B
\end{enumerate}
\item $B4V@\8w(B\\
$B87L)$K$OJ*BN$NAj8_H?<M$dBg5$Cf$N;6Mp8w$r7W;;(B\\
$B4D6-8w!'>e$NJ}K!$G$O;~4V$,$+$+$k$N$G$I$NLL$b0lMM$K4V@\8w$r<u$1$k$H9M$($k!#(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B%9%`!<%:%7%'!<%G%#%s%0(B}
$BJ?9T8w@~$r40A43H;6LL$K>H<M$7$?;~$r9M$($k!#$3$N$H$-4D6-8w$H3H;6H?<M8w$N$_(B
$B9M$($l$P$h$$!#51EY7W;;$O<!<0$GM?$($i$l$k!#(B
\begin{quote}
$I=I_a+I_{in}\times ({\bf N}\cdot {\bf L})\times k_d$\\
$I_a$$B!'4V@\8w$K$h$k51EY@.J,(B\\
$I_in$$B!'F~<M8w$K$h$k51EY@.J,(B\\
{\bf N}$B!'K!@~J}8~$NC10L%Y%/%H%k(B\\
{\bf L}$B!'F~<MJ}8~$NC10L%Y%/%H%k(B\\
$k_d$$B!'J*BNI=LL$N3H;6H?<MN((B
\end{quote}
$BJ*BNLL$,J?LL$N$H$-$O0lDj$N51EYCM$K$J$k!#6JLL$N$H$-$O%]%j%4%s$N%Q%C%A$G6a;w$9$k(B
$B$N$G51EYJd4V$,I,MW$H$J$k!#$3$l$r9T$J$&$N$,%9%`!<%:%7%'!<%G%#%s%0$G!"(B
$B%0%m!<%7%'!<%G%#%s%0$H%U%)%s%7%'!<%G%#%s%0$,$"$k!#(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B%0%m!<%7%'!<%G%#%s%0!'D:E@$KNY@\$9$k%]%j%4%sLL$NK!@~$NJ?6Q$K$h$jD:E@$N(B
$BK!@~%Y%/%H%k$r5a$a!"$3$l$K$h$jD:E@$N51EY$r7W;;$9$k!#<!$KD:E@$N51EY$K$h$C$F(B
$B%9%/%j!<%s6u4V$G%]%j%4%sFbIt$NE@$N51EY$r@~7AJd4V$9$k!#(B
\item $B%U%)%s%7%'!<%G%#%s%0!'D:E@$NK!@~$NJd4V$K$h$C$F%]%j%4%sFbIt$NE@$K$*$1$k(B
$BK!@~$r5a$a!"$=$l$K$h$C$FFbIt$NE@$N51EY7W;;$r9T$J$&!#(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B1F=hM}(B}
\begin{itemize}
\item $BK\1F!'A4$/8w$,Ev$?$i$J$$(B
\item $BH?1F!'0lIt$N8w$N$_E~C#(B
\end{itemize}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B%l%$%H%l!<%7%s%0K!!'3F8w8;$+$i2D;kJ*BNLL>e8rE@$K8~$1$F8w@~$r=P$7!"(B
$B8w@~$r<W$kJ*BN$,$"$k$+L5$$$+$rJ*BN$H8w@~$N8r:9H=Dj$GH=Dj$9$k!#B8:_$9$l$P!"(B
$B1F$G$"$k$+$iD>@\8w$N51EY7W;;$K$*$$$F8w8;$rL5;k$9$k!#(B
\item $B%7%c%I%&%]%j%4%s!'8w8;$+$iJ|<M$5$l$k8wB+$H0l$D$NB?LLBN!"$^$?$O%]%j%4%s(B
$B$K$h$C$F@8$8$kH>L58B$N6u4V$r%7%c%I%&%\%j%e!<%`$H$$$$!"$=$NLL$r%7%c%I%&%]%j%4%s(B
$B$H$$$&!#%7%c%I%&%]%j%4%s$K1#$lLL=hM}$r<B9T$7!"2D;kE@$N51EY7W;;$K$*$$$F;kE@(B
$B$+$i$$$/$D$N%7%c%I%&%]%j%4%s$r2#@Z$C$?$+$G$=$N2D;kE@$,1F$NNN0h$G$"$k$+$r(B
$BH=CG$9$k!#(B
\item $B%9%-%c%s%i%$%sC10L$N1F=hM}!'8=:_Av::Cf$N%9%-%c%s%i%$%s>e$K1F$rMn$92DG=@-(B
$B$N$"$k%]%j%4%s$r8w8;$rEj1FCf?4$H$7$F!"%9%-%c%s%i%$%sJ?LL$H8r:9$7$F$$$k%]%j%4%s(B
$B>e$KEj1F$7!"Ej1F$5$l$?%]%j%4%s$NJU!J%7%c%I%&%(%C%8!K$rJ*BN$N%G!<%?$H$7$F2C$((B
$B$F$*$/!#%7%c%I%&%(%C%8$H8r:9$7$?$H$-$K1F$NNN0h$KF~$k$b$N$H$7$F51EY7W;;$r(B
$B<B9T$9$k!#(B
\item $B#2CJ3,=hM}$N1F=hM}K!!'Bh0lCJ3,$G8w8;$+$i8+$?1#$lLL=hM}$r<B9T$7!"$=$3$G$N(B
$BIT2D;kNN0h$r1F$N%G!<%?$H$9$k!#BhFsCJ3,$G$O;kE@$+$i8+$?1#$lLL=hM}$r<B9T$7!"(B
$B1F$N%G!<%?$r9MN8$7$F51EY7W;;$r9T$J$&!#(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B%F%/%9%A%c%^%C%T%s%0(B}
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%F%/%9%A%c!'J*BN$NI=LL$N?^JA$dLOMM!"$-$a:Y$+$5!"8w3XE*B0@-$J$I(B
\item $B%F%/%9%A%c%^%C%T%s%0!'#2<!85$N%F%/%9%A%c%Q%?!<%s$r#3<!85$NJ*BNI=LL$KE=$jIU$1$k(B
\end{itemize}
$B%F%/%9%A%c%G!<%?(B$(s,t)$$B:BI8(B$\leftrightarrow$$B#3<!85I=LL(B$(u,v)$$B:BI8(B
$\leftrightarrow$$B%9%/%j!<%s:BI8(B$(x_s,y_s,z_s)$\\
$B2D;kE@(B $(x_s,y_s,z_s)$$B$KBP1~$9$k(Bu,v$B$NCM$r5a$a!"(Bu,v$B$K<LA|$5$l$k(Bs,t$B$NCM$r;;=P(B
$B$7!"$=$N%F%/%9%A%c%G!<%?$G51EY7W;;$9$k!#(B
\subsubsection{$B%"%s%A%(%j%"%7%s%0(B}
$B%7%c%N%s$NI8K\2=DjM}$K$h$l$P!"2rA|EY$,862hA|$N;}$D:G9b<~GH?t@.J,$N#2G\$h$j(B
$BBg$-$/$J$1$l$P862hA|$rCi<B$K:F8=$G$-$J$$!#(B\\
$B%(%j%"%7%s%0$N8=>]!'%7%c%.!<!J6-3&$,%.%6%.%6$N3,CJ>u$K$J$k!#!K(B,$B%T%/%;%k4V3V(B
$B$h$j>.$5$$J*BN!"%F%/%9%A%c$,@53N$KI=8=$G$-$J$$!#(B\\
$B%"%s%A%(%j%"%7%s%0!'(B
\begin{itemize}
\item $B%9!<%Q%5%s%W%j%s%0!'3F%T%/%;%k$K$D$$$FJ#?t%5%s%W%j%s%0CM$r$H$j!"$=$N2Y=E(B
$BJ?6Q$G51EY7hDj(B
\item $B%(%j%"%5%s%W%j%s%0!'#12hAGCf$K@j$a$k3F?^7A$NLL@Q$H0LCVIU$1$+$i2Y=E(B
$BJ?6Q$7$F51EY7hDj(B
\end{itemize}
 
\section{$B?^7A=hM}%"%k%4%j%:%`$HJBNs2=<jK!(B}
\subsection{$BJBNs2=$KBP$9$k%K!<%:(B}
$B0lHL$K!$:G=*E*$J2hA|$,I=<($5$l$k$^$G$N2aDx$K$*$$$F!$<!$K<($9#3$D$NCJ3,$N(B
$B?^7A=hM}$,4^$^$l$k$b$N$H9M$($i$l$k!#(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B7A>u%b%G%k$H%7%'!<%G%#%s%0%b%G%k$r7W;;5!>e$K9=C[$9$k%b%G%j%s%0=hM}(B
\item $B9=C[$5$l$?%b%G%k$KBP$9$k0\F0!$2sE>!$JQ7A!$?'JQ99$J$I$NA`:n$H8w8;(B
$B@_Dj5Z$S%S%e!<%$%s%0%Q%i%a!<%?!<@_Dj$J$I$N=hM}(B
\item $B3F<oJQ49$J$I$N4v2?3X=hM}$H%l%s%@%j%s%0=hM}$r9T$C$F:G=*E*$K%i%9%?%9%-%c%s(B
$B7?%G%#%9%W%l%$$K2hA|$H$7$F=PNO$9$k=hM}(B
\end{enumerate}
$B$3$N$&$A#1$H#2$N=hM}$K4X$7$F$OBPOCE*B.EY$,MW5a$5$l$k!#$=$l$KBP$7$F#3$N=hM}$K(B
$B$O<B;~4V=hM}$,K>$^$l$k!#?^7A%G!<%?NL$NA}Bg$d%G%#%9%W%l%$$N(B
$B9b2rA|EY$J$I$G=hM}G=NO$X$NMW5a$O$5$i$K6/$^$k$H;W$o$l$k!#>e=R$N0lO"$N(B
$B=hM}$H%G!<%?$NN.$l$O0lJ}8~$,B?$/!"3F=hM}$K%O!<%I%&%'%"$rMQ0U$7!"%Q%$%W%i%$%s(B
$B9=@.$K$9$k$3$H$,2DG=$G$"$k!#(B
\subsection{$B?^7A=hM}$+$i8+$?JBNs%"!<%-%F%/%A%c(B}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $BL?Na%l%Y%k$NJBNs=hM}!'(BVLIW$BJ}<0!"%9!<%Q%9%+%iJ}<0!"%9!<%Q%Q%$%W%i%$%sJ}<0(B
\item $B%^%k%A%W%m%;%C%5!'(B
\begin{itemize}
\item SIMD$BJ}<0!'C10lL?NaN.!">r7oJ,4t>/$J$/%W%m%;%94VF14|$rL?Na$4$H$K$H$k(B
\item MIMD$BJ}<0!'J#?tL?NaN.!">r7oJ,4tB?$/JBNs=hM}C10L$OBg$-$$J}$,NI$$(B
\end{itemize}
\item $B%Q%$%W%i%$%s!'%]%j%4%s$N?^7A%G!<%?$r#1$D$:$D<h$j=P$7!"$$$/$D$+$N:BI8(B
$BJQ49!"%/%j%C%T%s%0!"F);kJQ49$J$I$r;\$7$F$$$/!#(B
\item $B%7%9%H%j%C%/%"%l%$!'1i;;%f%K%C%H!J%;%k!K$KF14|%/%m%C%/$K=>$C$F(B
$BF~NO%]!<%H$+$i%G!<%?$rN.$79~$_!"=PNO%]!<%H$+$i%G!<%?$r<h$j=P$9!#(B
\item $B%m%8%C%/%$%s%a%b%j!'%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$rJ#?t$N1i;;5!G=$D$-%a%b%j$G9=@.(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsection{$B#2<!85%0%i%U%#%C%/%9$NJBNs=hM}(B}
$BJBNs=hM}$r:NMQ$7$?(BVLSI$B%0%i%U%#%C%/%W%m%;%C%5(B\\
$BNc!K(BAGDC(NEC)$B!'%Q%i%a!<%?@8@.!"IA2hA0=hM}!"IA2h$,(BCPU$B!"%W%j%W%m%;%C%5!"(B
$BIA2h%W%j%W%m%;%C%5$K$h$C$F%Q%$%W%i%$%sE*$K=hM}$5$l$k!#(B
\subsection{$B#3<!85%0%i%U%#%C%/%9$N5p;k%l%Y%kJBNs=hM}(B}
$B?^7A=hM}!'%b%G%j%s%0=hM}(B,$B4v2?3X=hM}(B,$B%l%s%@%j%s%0=hM}(B,$B%G%#%9%W%l%$=hM}(B
\begin{itemize}
\item EWS$B!J%(%s%8%K%"%j%s%0%o!<%/%9%F!<%7%g%s!K!'4v2?3X=hM}(B,$B%l%s%@%j%s%0=hM}(B
$B$r<u$1;}$D%0%i%U%#%C%/%W%m%;%C%5$r;}$D!#(B
\item GWS$B!J#3<!85%0%i%U%#%C%/%o!<%/%9%F!<%7%g%s!K!'J*BN$r%]%j%4%s%Q%C%A$KJ,2r(B
$B$7!"$=$l$i$r(BZ$B%P%C%U%!K!%0%m!<%7%'!<%G%#%s%0$G=hM}$9$k$N$KJBNs=hM}5;=Q$r:NMQ!#(B
$B4v2?3X=hM}$d(BZ$B%P%C%U%!K!$NJ*BN$K4X$9$k(Bfor$B%k!<%W$d%T%/%;%k$K$D$$$F$N(Bfor$B%k!<%W(B
$B$OJBNs=hM}2DG=(B
\end{itemize}
\subsection{$B#3<!85%0%i%U%#%C%/%9$N4v2?3X=hM}$NJBNs2=(B}
$BNc!K%8%*%a%H%j%7%9%F%`(B(IRIS)$B!'%^%H%j%C%/%9%(%s%8%s#48D!"%/%j%C%T%s%0%(%s%8%s(B
$B#68D!"%9%1!<%j%s%0%(%s%8%s#28D$N%Q%$%W%i%$%s(B
\subsection{Z$B%P%C%U%!K!$NJBNs=hM}(B}
$B%T%/%;%k$rJ,C4$7!"3FC10L$4$H$KJBNs=hM}$r9T$J$&!#(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B%V%m%C%/C10LJ,3d!'2hLL$r?eJ?!"?bD>J}8~$KJ,3d!#(BMIMD$B$G$N9bB.=hM}2DG=$@$,!"(B
$BNN0h$4$H$K7W;;Ii2Y$,0[$J$j!"Aa$/=hM}$N=*$C$?%W%m%;%C%5$N3d$jIU$1I,MW!#(B
\item $B%9%-%c%s%i%$%sC10L%$%s%?%j!<%V!'Ii2YJ,;6$O$[$\6QEy!#(B
\item $B%T%/%;%kC10L!'3F%T%/%;%k%W%m%;%C%5$,C1FH$G%9%-%c%s%3%s%P!<%8%g%s$r9T$J$&(B
$B$H%3%R!<%l%s%9$NMxMQ$,$J$/8zN($,0-$$!#C4Ev$9$k%T%/%;%k$O8=:_=hM}Cf$N7A>u$N(B
$BEj1FNN0h$K$"$k$+$rD>@\H=Dj$9$k$h$&$K$9$k!#(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B%9%-%c%s%3%s%P!<%8%g%s$NJBNs=hM}(B}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B%T%/%;%k%l%Y%k$N%l%Y%k$NJBNs=hM}!'#1$D$N%T%/%;%k$KBP$9$k(Bx,y,z,R,G,B$B7W;;(B
$B$H%a%b%j%"%/%;%9$rJBNs<B9T(B
\item $B7A>u%W%j%_%F%#%V%l%Y%k$NJBNs=hM}!'JU4X?t!JCM$,@5$+Nm$+Ii$+$GJU$N1&B&(B
$B!"D>@~>e!"JU$N1&B&$K$"$k$+$,H=CG$G$-$k4X?t!K$r7A>u%W%j%_%F%#%VKh$K:n@.$7!"(B
$B%T%/%;%k$NJU4X?tCM$r7W;;$7$F$$$/!#(B
\item $BJ*BN%l%Y%k$NJBNs=hM}!'J#?t$N7A>u%W%j%_%F%#%V$KBP$9$k%9%-%c%s(B
$B%3%s%P!<%8%g%s$rJ#?t$N%W%m%;%C%5$GJBNs=hM}(B
\item $B%9%/%j!<%sJ,3d$NJBNs=hM}!'A0@a;2>H(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsection{$B%9%-%c%s%i%$%sK!$NJBNs=hM}(B}
$B%Q%$%W%i%$%s=hM}2aDx(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item y$B:BI8$K$h$j%=!<%F%#%s%0$7$?(By$B%P%1%C%H%j%9%H:n@.(B
\item $B%9%-%c%s%i%$%sAv::$4$H$K%"%/%F%#%V%;%0%a%s%H$r(Bx$B:BI8$G%=!<%H$7!"(B
$B%"%/%F%#%V%;%0%a%s%H%j%9%H:n@.(B
\item $B%9%Q%s:n@.(B
\item $B%9%Q%sAv::$7$F2D;k%;%0%a%s%H7hDj(B
\end{enumerate}
$B2hLL$r(By$BJ}8~$KJ,3d$7$F3F!9$NNN0h$NAv::$rJ#?t$N%W%m%;%C%5$KJ,C4$5$;JBNs2=$9$k!#(B
\subsection{$B%l%$%H%l!<%7%s%0K!$NJBNs=hM}(B}
\subsubsection{$B%l%$%H%l!<%7%s%0K!(B}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B#1K\$N8w@~$K4X$9$k8r:9H=Dj$N2s?t$r8:$i$9J}K!(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $BJ*BN%G!<%?$r3,AX7?LZ9=B$$GJ];}$7!"3F%N!<%I$K%P%&%s%G%#%s%0%\%j%e!<%`$r(B
$BIU2C$9$k!#(B
\item $B1F=hM}$N$?$a$K8w8;$K8~$1$F=P$9#2<!8w@~$N8r:9H=Dj$r8:$i$9J}K!!'(B
$B8w8;Cf?4$KI=LL$,%a%C%7%e>u$KJ,3d$5$l$?N)J}BN$r9M$(!"%a%C%7%e$KEj1F$5$l$?J*BN(B
$B$r8w8;$+$i$N5wN%$G%=!<%H$7$?%j%9%H$r:n@.$7!"1F=hM}$G$O%a%C%7%e$+$i=g$K8r:9H=Dj(B
$B$7$F$$$/!#(B
\end{enumerate}
\item $B%*%V%8%'%/%H6u4V$rItJ,6u4V$KJ,3d$7!"3FItJ,6u4V$4$H$KFbIt$KB8:_$9$kJ*BN$r(B
$BJ];}$9$kJ}K!(B
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B%*%/%H%j!<K!!'(Bx,y,z$B<4$KJ?9T$JLL$G6u4V$G6u4V$r#2EyJ,!JA4BN$G#8J,3d!K$9$k!#(B
\item $B%\%/%;%kK!!'%\%/%;%k!JBg$-$5$NEy$7$$D>J}BN!K$KJ,3d!#%a%b%j$r$/$&$,!"(B
$B%H%i%P!<%9=hM}!J<!$K$I$NItJ,6u4V$K8w@~$,F~$k$+$N7W;;!K$,9bB.=hM}$G$-$k!#(B
\end{enumerate}
\item $B8r:9H=Dj=hM}$r9T$J$&8w@~$N?t$r8:$i$9J}K!!'(BZ$B%P%C%U%!K!$HAH$_9g$o$;$kJ}K!(B
$B$J$I(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsubsection{$B%l%$%H%l!<%7%s%0K!$r;HMQ$7$?JBNs=hM}%^%7%s(B}
\begin{enumerate}
\item $B#1<!8w@~$,%T%/%;%kFHN)$K=P$;$k$3$H$rMxMQ$7!"2hLLJ,3d$K$h$kJBNs=hM}$r(B
$B9T$J$&J}K!(B
\item $B8w@~DI@W$,3F8w@~$K$D$$$FFHN)$7$F<B9T$G$-$k$3$H$KCeL\$7!"6u4VJ,3dK!$G(B
$BJBNs=hM}$r9T$J$&J}K!(B
\item $B8r:9H=Dj7W;;$rJBNs=hM}$9$kJ}K!(B
\item $B%l%$%H%l!<%7%s%0$KE,$7$?%"!<%-%F%/%A%c$r$b$D%W%m%;%C%7%s%0%(%l%a%s%H$r(B
$B;HMQ$9$kJ}K!(B
\end{enumerate}
\subsection{$B%i%8%*%7%F%#K!$NJBNs=hM}(B}
\subsubsection{$B%i%8%*%7%F%#K!(B}
$BAj8_MpH?<M$r<h$j07$&%l%s%@%j%s%0K!(B\\
$BJ*BNI=LL$r%a%C%7%e$K6h@Z$j%Q%C%A$KJ,3d$7!"3F%Q%C%A$,<u$1$?8w$N%(%M%k%.!<$N(B
$B0lIt$r3H;6H?<M$K$h$jJ|=P$7!"$=$N#2<!85H?<M8w$N0lIt$,B>$N%Q%C%A$r>H$i$9!#(B
$B$3$&$7$FO":?E*$J8w$N%(%M%k%.!<$NJ|=P$N2aDx$r7P$FJ?9U>uBV$KC#$7$?;~!"(B
$B<!$NJ}Dx<0$,@.N)$9$k!#(B
\begin{eqnarray*}
B_i=E_i+\delta _i\sum_{j=1}^NB_jF_{ji}A_j/A_i
\end{eqnarray*}
\begin{quote}
$B_i$$B!'%Q%C%A(Bi$B$NC10LLL@QEv$?$j$N%i%8%*%7%F%#(B\\
$E_i$$B!'%Q%C%A(Bi$B$NC10LLL@QEv$?$j$N<+H/8w%(%M%k%.!<(B\\
$\delta _i$$B!'%Q%C%A(Bi$B$NH?<MN((B\\
$F_{ji}$$B!'%U%)!<%`%U%!%/%?!J%Q%C%A(Bj$B$+$iJ|=P$5$l$k%(%M%k%.!<$N$&$A%Q%C%A(Bi
$B$KE~C#$9$k%(%M%k%.!<$N3d9g(B\\
$A_i$$B!'%Q%C%A(Bi$B$NLL@Q(B\\
N$B!'%Q%C%AAm?t(B
\end{quote}
$B>e<0$r6a;w$G2r$$$F$9$Y$F$N%Q%C%A$N%i%8%*%7%F%#$r;;=P$7$?8e!"1#$lLL=hM}%i%8%*%7%F%#$K4p$E$$$?51EY7W;;$r9T$J$&!#(B
\subsubsection{$B%i%8%*%7%F%#K!$NJBNs=hM}%^%7%s(B}
$B%U%)!<%`%U%!%/%?$N7W;;$NJBNs2=$r9T$J$&!#3F%W%m%;%C%7%s%0%(%l%a%s%H!J(BPE$B!K$O(B
$B%]%j%4%s$rJ,C4$7$F=hM}$7!"3F(BPE$B$N6I=j%a%b%j$K%]%j%4%s%G!<%?$rJ,;6$5$;!"J|=P(B
$B$r9T$J$&%Q%C%A$rC4Ev$9$k(BPE$B$,%U%)!<%`%U%!%/%?$r7W;;$7!"$=$N7k2L$rB>$NHI$K(B
$B%V%m!<%I%-%c%9%H$9$kJ}<0(B
\subsection{$B%\%/%;%k%l%s%@%j%s%0K!$NJBNs=hM}(B}
\subsubsection{$B%\%/%;%k%l%s%@%j%s%0K!(B}
$B%\%j%e!<%`%l%s%@%j%s%0!'J*BNFbIt$N2D;k2=$d2J3X%7%_%e%l!<%7%g%sEy1~MQJ,Ln$r(B
$B<g4c$H$7$F3+H/$7$?5;=Q$G!"$=$N#1$D$K%\%/%;%k%l%s%@%j%s%05;=Q$,$"$k!#(B\\
$B%\%/%;%k$N%G!<%?$H$7$F$OCeL\$7$F$$$kB0@-$N%\%/%;%k$NCf?4E@$K$*$$$F%5%s%W%j%s%0(B
$B$7$?CM$rJ];}$9$k!#%\%/%;%k%G!<%?$NI=<($ODL>o<g<4J}8~$+$i8+$?J?9TEj1F$K$h$C$F(B
$B9T$J$o$l$k!#(B
\subsubsection{$BJBNs=hM}%^%7%s(B}
$B#3<!85%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$K#3<!85$N%\%/%;%k%G!<%?$rJ];}$9$k!##3<!85%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$r(B
$BB??t$N(BPE$B$K$h$j9=@.$7!"3F(BPE$B$KItJ,6u4V$N%\%/%;%k%G!<%?$rJ,;6$5$;$F$*$/!#3F(BPE
$B$OJBNs$K<+8J$NItJ,6u4V$KBP$9$k;kE@$+$i8+$?#2<!852hA|$r@8@.$7!"$=$l$i$N7k2L$r(B
$B%^!<%8$7$F1#$lLL=hM}$r<B9T$9$k$3$H$K$h$j!":G=*E*$J#2<!852hA|$rF@$k!#(B

%\section{$B?^7A=hM}%7%9%F%`$N9=@.AG;R$HJBNs2=<jK!(B}
%\subsection{$B%W%m%;%C%7%s%0%G%P%$%9(B}
%\subsubsection{$B#2<!85%0%i%U%#%C%/%W%m%;%C%5(B}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item $B%S%C%H%^%C%W%G%#%9%W%l%$@)8f5!G=!'@~!"NN0hIA2h!"%F%-%9%HI=<(!"%i%9%?(B
%$B1i;;$J$I(B
%\item $B%&%#%s%I%&@)8fJ}<0(B
%\begin{itemize}
%\item $B%O!<%I%&%'%"%&%#%s%I%&J}<0!'I=<(FI$_=P$7;~$K%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$N%"%I%l%97W;;(B
%\item $B%=%U%H%&%'%"%&%#%s%I%&J}<0!'%U%l!<%`%a%b%j>e$K%9%/%j!<%s%$%a!<%8$=$N$^$^(B
%\end{itemize}
%\item $B#2<!85%"%I%l%94IM}@lMQ%O!<%I%&%'%"(B
%\item $B%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$NJ,N%$HJBNs=hM}(B
%\item $B#2%]!<%H(BRAM
%\item $B%$%s%?%U%'!<%9(B
%\begin{itemize}
%\item $B%f!<%6$K%W%m%0%i%^%S%j%F%#J]>Z(B
%\item $BI8=`%$%s%?%U%'!<%9(BCGI
%\end{itemize}
%\end{itemize}
%\subsubsection{$B=`HFMQ%W%m%;%C%5(B}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item RISC$B%"!<%-%F%/%A%c(B
%\item DSP,$BIbF0>.?tE@%W%m%;%C%5(B
%\end{itemize}
%\subsubsection{$B4v2?3X=hM}%W%m%;%C%5(B}
%$B%8%*%a%H%j%(%s%8%s!J%7%j%3%s%0%i%U%#%C%/%9!K!'F1<!:BI8$G$N9TNs$N9bB.1i;;(B
%\subsubsection{$B%9%-%c%s%3%s%P!<%8%g%s(B,$B%7%'!<%G%#%s%0(B,$B1#$lLL>C5n%W%m%;%C%5(B}
%$B0[$J$k#2E@$N:BI8CM$+$i$=$l$i$N4V$NCM$r@~7AJd4V$9$k1i;;$N9bB.2=(B
%\begin{itemize}
%\item PRC(Polygon Rendering Chip)$B!'(Bx,y,z,R,G,B$B$N7W#6<4$rF1;~$KJd4V7W;;(B
%\item HSP$B!JEl<G!K!'%]%j%4%s$r;03Q7A$K8BDj$7!"4JAG2=!#1|9T$-7W;;$NJBNs<B9T2DG=(B
%\end{itemize}
%\subsection{$B2hA|%a%b%j%G%P%$%9(B}
%\begin{itemize}
%\item $B#2%]!<%H(BRAM$B!'%i%s%@%`%"%/%;%9%]!<%H!\%7%j%"%kFI$_=P$7%]!<%H(B
%\item $B%m%8%C%/%$%s%a%b%j!'1i;;5!G=$H5-215!G=$rF10l%A%C%W$K=8@Q(B
%\end{itemize}
%\subsubsection{$B2hA|@lMQ%a%b%j(B}
%\begin{enumerate}
%\item $B#2%]!<%H(BRAM$B!'%7%j%"%kFI$_=P$7%]!<%H$r@_$1$k$3$H$G2hLL%j%U%l%C%7%e$K$h$j(B
%$B%"%/%;%9$G$-$J$$$H$$$&>uBV$r2sHr(B
%\item $B%i%9%?1i;;5!G=IU$-(BRAM
%\end{enumerate}
%\subsubsection{$B%9%-%c%s%i%$%s=hM}%a%b%j(B}
%\begin{enumerate}
%\item $B%U%#%k5!G=IU$-%a%b%j!'?eJ?%i%$%s%"%I%l%9$H%i%$%sFb$N:81&C<%"%I%l%9$r(B
%$B;XDj$9$k$@$1$G?eJ?%i%$%s%;%0%a%s%H$N%U%#%k$r0lEY$K<B9T$G$-$k!#(B
%\item $B%7%'!<%G%#%s%0!"1#$lLL>C5n5!G=IU$-%a%b%j(B
%\end{enumerate}
%\subsubsection{$B%9%^!<%H%U%l!<%`%a%b%j(B}
%$B%]%j%4%s$r%;%0%a%s%H$KJ,2r$;$:!"$=$N$^$^%]%j%4%s%G!<%?$rF~NO$7$F%A%C%WFb$G(B
%$B%7%'!<%G%#%s%0!"1#$lLL>C5n$r9T$J$&!#(B
%\subsubsection{$B%U%l!<%`%a%b%j$N9=@.K!(B}
%\begin{enumerate}
%\item $B%W%l!<%sJ}<0$H%P%C%/%H%T%/%;%kJ}<0!'#12hAG(Bn$B%S%C%H!"%P%9I}(Bm$BK\$N$H$-(B
%\begin{itemize}
%\item $B%W%l!<%sJ}<0!'#12s$N%"%/%;%9$G(Bm$B2hAG$N#1%S%C%H$rFI$_=q$-(B
%\item $B%P%C%/%H%T%/%;%kJ}<0!'#12s$N%"%/%;%9$G(Bm/n$B2hAG$N%G!<%?$r5M$a9~$`(B
%\end{itemize}
%\item $B0l3g%"%/%;%9J}<0$H%$%s%?%j!<%VJ}<0!'NY@\$9$k2hAG%G!<%?$r0[$J$k%a%b%j(B
%$B%P%s%/$KG[CV$7!"F10l%P%s%/$KO"B3%"%/%;%9$9$k$3$H$,$+$J$jHr$1$i$l$k!#(B
%\begin{itemize}
%\item $B0l3g%"%/%;%9J}<0!'%P%9I}$r9-$/$H$j!"#12s$GJ#?t$N2hAG>pJs$rAw$k!#(B
%\item $B%$%s%?%j!<%VJ}<0!'%P%9I}$O$=$N$^$^$G;~J,3dE>Aw(B
%\end{itemize}
%\item $B%T%/%;%k%-%c%C%7%e%a%b%j!'?^7AIA2h%7%9%F%`$KJ#?t2hAGJ,$N9bB.%-%c%C%7%e(B
%$B%a%b%j$rFbB"(B
%\end{enumerate}*/
\section{$B;29MJ88%(B}
$B!VJBNs?^7A=hM}!W!':mEg(B $B7IG7(B,$B@>_7(B $BDg<!(B $B6&Cx(B
\end{document}
